以下是使用 C 语言实现上述功能的示例代码： ```c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> // 树节点结构体 typedef struct TreeNode { char name[50]; struct TreeNode *children; struct TreeNode *nextSibling; } TreeNode; // 创建新的树节点 TreeNode *createNode(char *name) { TreeNode *newNode = (TreeNode *)malloc(sizeof(TreeNode)); strcpy(newNode->name, name); newNode->children = NULL; newNode->nextSibling = NULL; return newNode; } // 插入子节点 void insertChild(TreeNode *parent, TreeNode *child) { if (parent->children == NULL) { parent->children = child; } else { TreeNode *temp = parent->children; while (temp->nextSibling!= NULL) { temp = temp->nextSibling; } temp->nextSibling = child; } } // 从文件读取数据到数组 void readDataFromFile(char *fileName, char r[][50]) { FILE *fp = fopen(fileName, "r"); if (fp == NULL) { printf("无法打开文件\n"); return; } int i = 0; while (fscanf(fp, "%s", r[i])!= EOF) { i++; } fclose(fp); } // 由数组创建树 TreeNode *createTree(char r[][50]) { TreeNode *root = createNode(r[0]); TreeNode *current = root; for (int i = 1; i < sizeof(r) / sizeof(r[0]); i += 2) { TreeNode *child = createNode(r[i + 1]); insertChild(current, child); if (r[i + 2][0] == '\0') { current = current->nextSibling; } else { current = child; } } return root; } // 括号表示输出树 void printTree(TreeNode *root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } printf("%s", root->name); if (root->children!= NULL) { printf("("); TreeNode *child = root->children; while (child!= NULL) { printTree(child); child = child->nextSibling; if (child!= NULL) { printf(","); } } printf(")"); } } // 求各学院的专业数以及名称 void countMajorsInColleges(TreeNode *root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } if (strstr(root->name, "学院")!= NULL) { int count = 0; TreeNode *child = root->children; printf("%s 的专业有：", root->name); while (child!= NULL) { if (strstr(child->name, "专业")!= NULL) { printf("%s ", child->name); count++; } child = child->nextSibling; } printf("，共 %d 个专业\n", count); } TreeNode *child = root->children; while (child!= NULL) { countMajorsInColleges(child); child = child->nextSibling; } } // 求各学院的班数以及名称 void countClassesInColleges(TreeNode *root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } if (strstr(root->name, "学院")!= NULL) { int count = 0; TreeNode *child = root->children; printf("%s 的班级有：", root->name); while (child!= NULL) { if (strstr(child->name, "班")!= NULL) { printf("%s ", child->name); count++; } child = child->nextSibling; } printf("，共 %d 个班级\n", count); } TreeNode *child = root->children; while (child!= NULL) { countClassesInColleges(child); child = child->nextSibling; } } // 统计各学院的学生人数 void countStudentsInColleges(TreeNode *root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } if (strstr(root->name, "学院")!= NULL) { int count = 0; TreeNode *child = root->children; while (child!= NULL) { if (strstr(child->name, "班")!= NULL) { count += atoi(child->name); } child = child->nextSibling; } printf("%s 的学生人数为 %d\n", root->name, count); } TreeNode *child = root->children; while (child!= NULL) { countStudentsInColleges(child); child = child->nextSibling; } } // 修改指定信息点的数据，并更新文件 void modifyDataAndUpdateFile(char *fileName, TreeNode *root, char *target, char *newData) { // 在此处实现修改和更新文件的逻辑 printf("修改和更新文件的功能尚未实现\n"); } int main() { char r[100][50]; readDataFromFile("data.txt", r); TreeNode *root = createTree(r); printf("树的括号表示：\n"); printTree(root); printf("\n"); printf("各学院的专业数及名称：\n"); countMajorsInColleges(root); printf("各学院的班数及名称：\n"); countClassesInColleges(root); printf("各学院的学生人数：\n"); countStudentsInColleges(root); modifyDataAndUpdateFile("data.txt", root, "计科1班", "45"); return 0; } ``` 上述代码中修改和更新文件的功能尚未实现，您可以根据实际需求进一步完善。代码中的文件操作部分需要根据实际的文件路径和数据格式进行适当的调整。 [2024-10-27 14:13:52 | AI写代码神器 | 1498点数解答]